What is histamine?

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound with chemical formula C5H9N3, involved in local immune responses besides regulating physiological function. Histamine is an important pharmacological modulator involved in the process of allergy, inflammation, neurophysiology and cancer. Histamine has been shown to have a key physiological role in the control of gastric acid secretion and a pathophysiological role in a range of allergic disorders. Histamine acts mainly as the neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord and uterus and for it to exert an effect, it needs to bind to histamine receptor which can be classified into four different types known as H1, H2, H3 & H4.

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